Ruan Lufei (born October 2, 1987) is a Chinese chess player. Ruan's natural talent for the game, hard work, and co-operation with her coach, Xu Jun, saw her break into the world's top 20 female chess players in January 2008.

Ruan was part of the Chinese women's team (with Zhao Xue, Hou Yifan, Shen Yang, Huang Qian) that won the First World Women's Team Chess Championship 2007 in Yekaterinburg.She had also won a silver medal (3rd board prize) with a score of 6/7.

In 2007, Ruan won second prize at the 12th Asian Women's Chess Championship.

During August and September 2008, at the Women's World Chess Championship she was knocked out in the third round 0.5-1.5 by Pia Cramling of Sweden.

In the First World Mind Sports Games, October 2008 in Beijing, Ruan was part of the Chinese Women's team and won the gold medal.

In the 2010 Women's World Championship she reached the final, having won on tiebreaks in every round (eliminating previous champion Alexandra Kosteniuk in the process), and faced fellow Chinese Hou Yifan for the championship. She lost the match only on tie-breaks and showed strong character by equalising the score of the match in the fourth classical game.